Device fingerprinting is a method used to uniquely identify devices based on their hardware characteristics. For instance, in wireless communication, devices transmit data by generating analog RF signals. Although the same data is transmitted, different devices produce slightly varied RF signals. This variation allows us to identify individual devices. These data points are then analyzed to create a unique fingerprint for each device, which can be used for various purposes such as spoof detection, and authentication.

  Like biometrics, we can measure inherent characteristics of a device. For instance, in wireless communication, devices transmit data by generating analog RF signals. Although the same data is transmitted, different devices produce slightly varied RF signals. This variation allows us to identify individual devices.